水处理设备中经常出现的问题及解决方法

Problems and solutions in water treatment equipment

1.反渗透设备中密封圈出现膨胀现象

1. the expansion of the sealing ring in the reverse osmosis equipment

水处理设备中，反渗透设备为实现膜壳中各区间的密封隔离，膜壳中需要三类密封胶圈。为了减小安装阻力，系统安装时均应在各密封圈表面涂抹清水或甘油。

In the water treatment equipment, the reverse osmosis equipment needs to seal and isolate the various parts of the membrane, and three types of sealing aprons are needed in the membrane. In order to reduce installation resistance, all the sealing rings should be smeared with water or glycerine when installing the system.

需要特别注意的是，润滑剂应慎用凡士林或其他石油类油脂润滑剂，否则将造成淡水管的裂化，特别是会造成密封胶圈的膨胀。胶圈的膨胀一般并不直接影响系统的运行效果，但会影响系统卸载后再次装载，即装载时膨胀的胶圈难于进入槽位。

It is important to note that the lubricants should be careful with Vaseline or other oil oil lubricants, otherwise it will cause the cracking of the fresh water pipe, especially the expansion of the sealed ring. The expansion of the rubber ring does not directly affect the operating effect of the system, but it will affect the reloading of the system after unloading, that is, the expansion of the apron when loading is difficult to enter the slot.

2.纯化水设备出水水质的基本要求

2. basic requirements for water quality of purified water equipment

纯化水设备制取的纯化水在医药、生物医疗等行业的使用。但是纯化水水质的基本标准又是什么呢?中国药典及欧洲药典都明确指出，制药用水的原水至少要达到饮用水的标准。如果不达标，就先进行进化处理，直到达标为止。

Purified water produced by purified water equipment is used in medicine, biological medicine and other industries. But what is the basic standard for purifying water quality? The Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the European Pharmacopoeia have clearly pointed out that the raw water for pharmaceutical use should meet at least the standard of drinking water. If it does not meet the standards, it will be treated first until it reaches the standard.

除了大肠杆菌有明确的规定外，其他的细菌一起不许超过100 个 /ml。在纯化水设备制水的过程中，还会存在内部污染，纯化水设备中各种水处理装置都有可能成为污染源。所以一定要经常对纯化水设备进行清洗和消毒。另外，纯化水设备的末端还应该安装杀菌消毒装置。

Except for E. coli, there are no more than 100 /ml of other bacteria. In the process of making water from purified water equipment, there will be internal pollution. Various water treatment devices in purified water equipment may become pollution sources. Therefore, we must clean and disinfect the purified water equipment frequently. In addition, the sterilization equipment should be installed at the end of the purified water equipment.

3.纯化水设备出水水质的特点

Characteristics of water quality of 3. purified water equipment

纯化水设备制取的出水水质符合国家规定的卫生标准，符合企业的实际生产标准。纯化水设备的出水-纯化水具有两个特点。

The effluent quality of purified water equipment accords with the hygienic standard stipulated by the state and accords with the actual production standard of the enterprise. The effluent purified water of purified water equipment has two characteristics.

一个特点是纯化水设备安装的消毒灭菌的设备逐渐增多。

One characteristic is the gradual increase of disinfection and sterilization equipment installed in purified water equipment.

另一个特点是纯化水设备的管路分配系统由循环管路代替了传统的送水管路，这两个特点都是为了控制微生物污染和细菌内毒素的增加。同时，还要注意管内流速对微生物繁殖的影响，即管道内的流速过低或者堵塞，就可能造成微生物的繁殖增多，影响水质。

Another characteristic is that the pipeline distribution system of the purified water equipment is replaced by the circulating pipeline, which are all two characteristics to control the microbial contamination and the increase of bacterial endotoxin. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the effect of the flow velocity on the microorganism reproduction, that is, the flow velocity in the pipe is too low or blocked, which may cause the multiplication of microorganism and influence the water quality.

4.软化水设备的安装位置的选择要点

Selection points for installation position of 4. softening water equipment

软化水设备的出水水质良好，系统运行稳定，被很多企业使用。在安装软化水设备的同时，应该注意以下几点：

The water quality of the softened water equipment is good and the system runs stably, which is used by many enterprises. While installing softened water equipment, we should pay attention to the following points:

1、软化水设备应尽可能靠近排水处。

1. The water softening equipment should be as close to the drainage area as possible.

2、如果需要其它水处理设备，应该预留安装位置。

2, if other water treatment equipment is needed, the installation location should be reserved.

3、由于经常性向盐箱中加盐，应设置放盐的位置。

3, because salt is often added to the salt box, salt should be placed.

4、不要将软化水设备安装于离锅炉3米以内的地方，否则热水会回流至软化水设备中，造成损坏。

4. Do not install softening water equipment within 3 meters from the boiler, otherwise hot water will return to softening water equipment, causing damage.

5、不要将软化水设备置于室温低于1°C和高于49°C的环境中。

5, do not put softened water equipment at room temperature below 1 degrees C and above 49 degree C environment.

5.软化水设备的使用注意事项

5. precautions for the use of water softening equipment

软化水设备是去除水水中的Ca、Mg等离子，降低水的硬度，使水软化的水处理设备。软化水设备经过长时间的使用，要遵循一定的注意事项。

The softening water equipment is a water treatment equipment to remove Ca and Mg plasma from water and water, reduce the hardness of water and soften the water. The softened water equipment should be followed for a long time.

1、软化水设备在使用时进水口应该长期打开，除非是设备检修的情况下才需要关闭。如无须用水则可以关闭出水阀。

1, when the softened water equipment is used, the intake should be opened for a long time, unless it is necessary to shut down when the equipment is overhauled. If water is not needed, the outlet valve can be closed.

2、如果因为软化水设备再生不完全导致的出水不合格，可以手动再生。

2, if the effluent from the softened water equipment is not completely regenerated, it can be manually regenerated.

3、软化水设备在长期停用时需要将盐水吸入罐内保护。

3, the softened water equipment needs to be protected from salt water inhalation tank for a long time.

4、再次投入使用时只需再备好和正常工作一样都的盐水，先打开进水阀，然后接上电源，让设备自行复位后再手动再生一次完毕就可以打开出水阀。

4, once again put into use, only need to be prepared with normal work of the same salt water, first open the inlet valve, and then connect the power supply, let the equipment self reposition and then manually regenerate once the water valve can be opened.

5、如果使用的工业盐太脏，应该每年清洗一次盐桶，以保证吸盐过程的顺利进行。

5, if the industrial salt is too dirty, we should wash the salt bucket once a year to ensure the smooth operation of the salt absorption process.

6.超纯水设备的安装标准

6. installation standard for ultra pure water equipment

超纯水设备的出水水质良好，适合各类企业的生产需要，使用的范围也就逐渐扩大。本文主要介绍超纯水设备安装时标准说明。

The water quality of ultra pure water equipment is good, suitable for the production needs of all kinds of enterprises, and the scope of its use is gradually expanding. This article mainly introduces the Standard Specification for installation of ultra pure water equipment.

1设备安装场地应当选择在平整，环境整洁，紧靠电源、水源的环境当中。

1 equipment installation site should be selected in a smooth environment, clean environment, close to power supply and water source environment.

2、请勿靠近火源及任何发热体，以避免受热影响其运行的效率。

2, keep away from the fire source and any heating body to avoid the heat affecting the efficiency of its operation.

3、在北方地区不得将设备安装在室外，以防设备内部冻结，损坏仪表及过滤元件。

3, equipment should not be installed outside the city in the north, so as to prevent internal freezing of equipment and damage to instruments and filter elements.

4、设备安装位置应能方便排水，使设备的排水管保持顺畅。

4, the installation position of the equipment should be convenient for drainage, so that the drainage pipe of the equipment is kept smoothly.

5、系统所用的水泵工作压力确保在1.0-1.2Mpa，确保水泵在其额定扬程范围内工作。

5. The working pressure of the pump used in the system is ensured at 1.0-1.2Mpa to ensure that the pump works within its rated head range.